The Job Of A Job Advertisement - 1871 Words

Deconstructing job advertisements Understanding what an employer is really looking for is important because it means we will not be wasting time applying for positions for which we are not suitable and have little chance of being considered for an interview. It also means when we do find a suitable position we can tailor our applications more specifically, providing us a far better opportunity of being recognised by the employer as a strong enough candidate that should be granted an interview. Deconstructing an advertised position for employment is a discovery process designed to ascertain information that is not clearly expressed in the job advertisement and to enable the application to be presented in the way requested by the†¦show more content†¦Analysing the job advertisement Quickly scanning the information on the skill and experience requirements enables us to assess at first glance whether applying has merit and is our first step in deciding whether to investigate the opportunity further. Quick visual scans can immediately rule out unsuitable positions that have a specific requirement you do not possess. For example the employer may be asking for three years experience in a similar position as an essential requirement. If you do not have this then it would be unwise to waste time on applying. There will be many people with such experience applying and your application will not be considered. However if the experience requirement is under ‘Desirable’ and you fit all the other essential requirements then you should apply. Malcolm Gladwell in his book ‘Blink’ (Little, Brown and Company 2007) discusses the concept of making flash decisions based essentially on our ‘gut’ feelings. When scanning a job advertisement for the first time – what is your ‘gut’ feeling? Recognise the feeling and then when you go into greater detail analyse the reasons why you may have had that feeling to make a more informed, less emotional, decision as to whether you should apply. We need to analyse and not just apply for any job that might fit. Rejection shock can occur in those candidates that send out multiple applications for employment and receive few or no responses. Rejection shock is a form of

The Normalization of Rape in the Democratic Republic of...

Ruined by Lynn Nottage is a powerful play that narrates the nearly normalized issue of sexual violence against women and girls in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Nottage personally traveled to the DRC and interviewed the victimized women and created a play that is based on their stories. She composed a very powerful play that made its audience to become aware of tragic situations that take place in African countries today. Throughout the play, Nottage brings the reader to raise several questions, such as why did these vulnerable women become the target of violence and what drives militiamen to commit these crimes rather than protecting them. While war in the DRC already created unpleasant outcomes, such as poverty and corruption, it also created cruel type of a weapon, humiliation and rape of women beside the guns and bombs. Meger asserts in her article that the majority of the rape crimes involve gang rapes, â€Å"with an average of 4.5 attackers per victim,† and they also tend to be systematically preplanned (127). Women depicted in Ruined are examples of rape victims. Salima’s story in particular demonstrates how violent and unforgiving it can be out in there. She was gang raped when she was in her garden and her attackers even ended up killing her infant. Not only was she brutally assaulted, but also neglected and abandoned by her husband and the village, which left her nowhere to turn to. Salima sees Mama Nadi’s bar as a place to live, but in an entirely new way of

Diagnosing and Treating Mental Diorders †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Diagnosing and Treating Mental Diorders. Answer: Introduction: Interpersonal skills are the life skills we utilize each day when we impart and associate with other individuals, both separately and in gatherings. In connection to Andrew the most vital aptitudes that are required would be communication and listening abilities (May, 2013). As a matter of importance for communication to happen there must be no less than two individuals. Correspondence expertise can additionally be separated into verbal and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication regularly requires simply slowing down when addressing someone, this is because people might have the urge to quickly react to questions, while the smart thing to do is staying silent and digesting what the other person has to say, thus helping one answer back better. No one anticipates, or desires, a harsh attitude in important conversations this is because being mindful of others is better and is considered more respectful. A person who is considerate is normally taken more sincerely, This is because he has skills that a person well conversant with mannerism of verbal communication ought to have such as, staying calm, being attentive, courteous, attentive and being able to know what emotions a person is going through thus adjusting his or her voice to significantly match his body language. Non-verbal communication are actions or things people do subconsciously with or without their knowledge and most of the times this is the communication that others read and make sense out of such as, Facial expression, tone of voice, gestures and even the way you position yourself physically in a room or among partners is continually uncovering your actual demeanor, for better or in negative ways. In many instances people are not aware that they tend to say more with nonverbal gestures like eye contact, gestures and facial expressions. Overall, adopting effective communication skills is essential when dealing with patients in order to make them understand what causes the symptoms, how to ease the symptoms, and why they are taking certain medication (Clearly, Hunt Horsfall, 2015) The other skill that would come in handy would be the listening skill which likewise is vital on the grounds that it helps in enhancing the analysis of the patient issues and help in understanding what and how the patient is influenced by his condition. It is critical to note that hearing and listening are two different things in this case listening well enables one to ask good questions, make better choices and impart all the more obviously on the grounds that you understand other people perspective. Symptoms and Management of Psychosis Psychosis is a mental disorder usually characterized by an impaired relationship between a persons thoughts or perceptions and the reality (McEvoy, Freter, Merritt Apperson, 2013). Some of the major signs and symptoms of psychosis include hallucinations, delusions, suspiciousness and disorganized speech. With both hallucinations and delusions, they appear to be real to a person experiencing them yet they are not (Phelan McCormack, 2016). Delusions are false impressions, thoughts or beliefs strongly held by a person despite the fact that they are contrary to reality or actual evidence (Garety, Kuipers, Fowler, Freeman Bebbington, 2014). In this case, the patient was experiencing a delusion of paranoia. A paranoid delusion is one whereby a person shows persecutory delusions by claiming that people are plotting or conspiring against them yet they are not (May, 2013). In this case, the patient says that transmitter chips have been implanted in his brain so that people can monitor his thoughts. He also claims that there are electrical supplies that are being moved in his house and that the lights outside his apartment are being operated so that they can interfere with his thinking. Additionally, he is suspicious as he says that students are talking about his activities with the lecturer so that he can get him into trouble. He also claims that there are different individuals in the university who are ASIO spies. Clearly, all these false impressions exhibit a case of paranoid delusion and suspiciousness whereby he believes that people are conspiring against him. Further, the patient is experiencing hallucinations. A hallucination is a false sensory experience that happens in the absence of an actual outside stimuli. In other words, a person sees, hears, feels or smells things that are not really present. When someone is hallucinating, they see things that do not exist or hear other people talking yet; this is not the case in actual reality (Fischer, 2016). In this case, the patient said that he could hear other people talking about him, yet there was nobody else in the room. Therefore, he was experiencing auditory hallucination by hearing non-existent people talk ing. Besides this, the patient showed impaired verbal communication whereby he relates some loosely connected and questionable narrations of certain people in the university being ASIO spies. He also showed lack of emotion as he maintained a flat and consistent monotone voice as he calmly sat in his seat throughout the entire interview (Clearly, Hunt Horsfall, 2015). How to respond to the issue of prescription Due to the nature of Andrews illness, good communication skills geared toward helping him cope with the challenge of mental health is crucial and necessary for any health care giver, hence it is my duty to explain to Andrew the nature of his illness in which in this case he has symptoms of psychosis and how this symptoms are affecting his mental state and thus not allowing him to perform well in his studies. In reference to verbal and nonverbal communication the use of friendly tone should come in handy in showing empathy towards Andrew, who must understand that his medication which in this case is risperidone 1mg nocte is important and is the one suitable in improving his well-being, which include improved grades and his ability to socialize well without thinking that other students and teachers are out against him. In this case I must assert the importance of taking medication and also explain to him the consequences of not taking his medication; Andrew needs to understand that instructions I give are a guidance and reassurance in order to teach him on how to cope with his mental state. Moreover he needs to know that not taking his medication has severe consequences, since research has made it clear that reduced observance with antipsychotic medications escalates the danger of setback. Patients that dont take their medication as required have an average risk of relapse that is greater than that of patients that take their medication. Andrew therefore must be in agreement with me should he not take his medication, he might relapse and this may be more critical and life threatening to him and those around him, since one of the major consequences of not taking his medication is an increased potential for assault and dangerous behavior, especially during periods of psychosis. In this case, Andrews needs to understand that relapse in psychotic case is common and many young men deal with the issue, thus follow up meetings are encouraged by the health care giver and incase he has any question he should not hesitate to ask any health care personnel. In this case, I will advise him to use the drugs as prescribed in order to ease symptoms of psychosis (Clearly, Hunt Horsfall, 2015) Care Plan As the general practitioner directed that the patient should be informed and monitored, I would establish a care plan. First, I would address the patient directly and clearly with a professional but simple approach as I explain the GPs diagnosis, treatments and medications. I would explain this in a manner that helps the patient be fully aware of any intervention method I will be carrying out so that they cannot feel that they are being tricked. Additionally, teaching the patient how to engage in distraction techniques and reality-based activities that will help bring them to reality would help reduce the hallucinations and delusions (Randle, 2016). I will monitor the patient for various signs and symptoms that would suggest that they are experiencing a hallucination. This could be seen by them talking to themselves or looking around (Hutchinson Jackson, 2013). I will encourage them to speak about their delusions and hallucinations and engage them during the episodes while refrainin g from counseling them until they are over. It is imperative that I help the patient to identify and deal with various feelings and triggers that cause illusions and hallucinations. Also, it is important to avoid arguing with the patient about the reality of their delusions or hallucinations. Instead, one should explain to them that others do not share in their sensory perceptions or beliefs (Clearly, Hunt Horsfall, 2015). To deal with the impaired verbal communication, I would set aside some time for consistent face-to-face interaction with them. During the interaction, it would be important that the patient is informed where one does not comprehend whatever they are attempting to convey (Olson, 2015). Where the patient shows lack of emotions to sensitive matters, I will try to verbalize feelings and model various expressions of feelings. Talking about the patients favorite activities, hobbies and personal interests would also help (Norman, Gibb, Dyer, Prentice, Yelland, Cheng, Edwards, 2016). Moreover, it would be important to identify areas of open communication on matters of importance to the patient (Tait, Birshwood Tower, 2015). Lastly, I will encourage the patient to engage in healthy habits that will optimize functioning and keep them in remission. This includes maintaining medication regimen, regular sleep patterns and self-care (Vickers Linde, 2014). References Clearly, M., Hunt, G. E., Horsfall, J., (2015). Diagnosing psychosis. Issues in mental health and nursing, 31(5), 331-335. Fischer, S. A. (2016). Diagnosing and treating mental diorders: a concept analysis. Journal of advanced nursing, 72(11), 2644-2653. Garety, P. A., Kuipers, E., Fowler, D., Freeman, D., Bebbington, P. E. (2014). A cognitive model of the symptoms of psychosis. Psychological medicine, 31(2), 189-195. Hutchinson, M, M., Jackson, D. (2013). Signs and symptoms of psychosis: towards a more critical interpretation. Nursing inquiry, 20(1), 11-22. May, S. (2013). Mental disorders. In Handbook of mental care (pp. 231-245). Springer New York. McEvoy, J. P., Freter, S., Merritt, M., Apperson, L. J. (2013). Insight about psychosis among outpatients. Hospital and community psychiatry. Norman, R. E., Gibb, M., Dyer, A., Prentice, J., Yelland, S., Cheng, Q., Edwards, H. (2016). Improved psychiatry care for patients with psychosis in Australia. International psychiatry journal, 13(3), 303-316. Olson, M. H. (2015). An introduction to mental disorders. Psychology Press. Phelan, A., McCormack, B. (2016). Exploring nursing expertise in caring for mental patients: a mixed method study. Journal of advanced nursing, 72(10), 2524-2535. Randle, J., (2016). Nursing care plan for psychosis. Journal of advanced nursing, 43(4), 395-401. Tait, L., Birshwood, M., Tower, P. (2015). Predicting engagement with services for psychosis: insight, symptoms and recovery style. The Journal of Psychiatry, 182(2), 123-128. Vickers, A. J., Linde, K. (2014). Intervention for acute psychosis. Jama, 311(9), 955-956.

Soft Systems Methodology

One of the 21st century’s foremost discursive aspects is the fact that, as time goes on, more and more people realize the essentially relativist significance of the very notion of methodology.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Soft Systems Methodology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because, due to the recent breakthroughs in the fields of physics, psychology, cybernetics and sociology, the assumption that the practical application of a particular methodology is being concerned with discovering the de facto ‘truth’ can no longer be considered conceptually legitimate. After all, these discoveries suggest that in this world, there is only the objectively existing reality and different informational models that describe the qualitative/discursive connotations of its observable emanations. However, given the fact that the process of constructing methodologically sound informational models ( theories) is being inevitably affected by biologically and environmentally defined cognitive predispositions, on the part of the concerned scientists, it is specifically the extent of these models’ practical usability, which should be regarded as the actual measure of their ‘truthfulness’. Therefore, it is fully explainable why Peter Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) continues to become ever more popular, as a practical tool of addressing systemic issues with a strongly defined human factor to them – SSM appears thoroughly adjusted with the provisions of the earlier mentioned methodology-related discourse of modernity. In my paper, I will aim to explore the validity of this suggestion at length. The main theoretical premise, upon which SSM is based, is the assumption that, unlike what it happened to be the case with non-human mechanistic systems, the dynamics within human systems (e.g. the collective of employees) are not being solely defin ed in regards to the qualitative specifications of these systems’ integral elements, but also in regards to the varying aspects of an ‘interconnectedness’ between the elements in question. In their turn, the discursive features of this ‘interconnectedness’ never cease undergoing a spatial/qualitative transformation, as they reflect the process of people’s worldviews being continually adjusted, in accordance to what happened to be their carriers’ inborn cognitive predispositions and the situational quality of external circumstances, which affect the concerned individuals’ decision-making inclinations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hence, the SSM’s foremost conceptual postulate – those in charge of ensuring the functional integrity of a particular human system/organization, should not be concerned with findi ng a universally applicable ‘solution’ to what they perceive constitutes a performance-impending problem, but rather with identifying the problem’s discursive connotations. As Checkland noted, â€Å"We had moved away from working with the idea of an ‘obvious’ problem which required solution, to that of working with the idea of a situation which some people, for various reasons, may regard as problematical† (2000, p. 15) . In its turn, this is supposed to establish objective preconditions for the extent of the affected people’s perceptual subjectivity, in regards to the problem in question, to be substantially reduced – hence, ‘empowering’ them, in the organizational sense of this word. The SSM’s foremost methodological guiding-principles can be formulated as follows: Assess the discursive significance of a particular ‘real-world’ situation by the mean of measuring the complexity of its integral p arts. Explore the identified relations via the applicable models of purposeful activity, based on explicit worldviews. Conduct an inquiry by questioning the perceived situation, while using the models as a source of questions. Formulate an approach towards improving the situation in question by identifying the scope of possible ‘accommodations’ (versions of the situation, with which the concerned stakeholders can be more or less comfortable). Even a brief glance at these principles, allows us to pinpoint the main conceptual characteristic of SSM – as opposed to what it is being the case with the methodologies of ‘hard’ sciences, Checkland’s methodology implies its theoretical premises being the subject of a continual transformation/alteration. This is because, while assessing the significance of ‘real-world’ situations, we invariably do it from our highly subjective existential perspectives, reflective of the essence of the relev ant external circumstances, which affect the mechanics of our cognitive engagement with the surrounding reality. Therefore, even though that the very name of Checkland’s methodological approach connotes the notion of ‘systemness’ , within the SSM’s theoretical framework, this notion is not being concerned with the process of researches categorizing the essence of people’s responses to external stimuli.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Soft Systems Methodology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rather, it is being concerned with the process of SSM’s practitioners identifying primary and secondary motivations behind the studied behavioral patterns, as ‘things in themselves’. According to Ledington and Donaldson, â€Å"(In SSM) The use of the word ‘system’ is no longer applied to the world, it is instead applied to the process of our dealing with the world† (1997, p. 230). The consequential steps of how SSM’s practitioners go about increasing the efficiency of a particular ‘soft’ system’s functioning can be outlined as follows: Practitioner formulates the planned transformation-action’s justification, its aims, and identifies the scope of associated activities. Practitioner selects the activities that can be executed independently of others. Practitioner selects the activities, the successful execution of which depends on the efficacious implementation of the independent ones, and analyzes the qualitative essence of emerging dependencies. Practitioner reduces the number of established dependencies by removing the overlapping ones – hence, outlining the most resource-efficient method towards the tranformation’s implementation. Hence, the essential components of SSM’s paradigm, commonly abbreviated as CATWOE: Customers – individuals that may be potentially affec ted by the intended transformation, Actors – individuals in charge of the transformation’s implementation, Transformation – the efficiency-facilitating process, ‘Weltanschauung’ – the qualitative aspects of the concerned parties’ worldviews, Owners – individuals capable of preventing the desired transformation from taking place, Environmental constraints – external circumstances, capable of affecting the pace of the transformation’s implementation (Hardman and Paucar-Caceres 2011). By remaining thoroughly observant, as to the discursive implications of an interconnectedness between these elements, SSM’s practitioners are expected to be able to come up with a circumstantially justified plan for applying changes to the functioning of just about any ‘soft’ system. The validity of SSM’s conceptual provisions can be easily illustrated in regards to what account for the specifics of a post-indu strial living in Western countries, which in turn cause more and more middle-level managers to experience difficulties, while on the line of executing their professional duties. For example, even today it represents a commonplace practice among many of these managers to believe that the extent of employees’ efficiency positively correlates with the amount of money they are being paid. However, it now became a well-established fact that the practice of increasing employees’ salaries does not necessarily result in increasing the quality of their professional performance.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reason for this is apparent – as time goes on, people’s attitudes towards the very notion of ‘professional satisfaction’ continue to attain qualitatively new subtleties. Whereas, the prospect of receiving an adequate salary may serve as a perfectly sound performance-stimulating incentive for individuals that suffer from economic hardships, this cannot be the case, once those that enjoy comparatively high standards of living are being concerned. This is because, in full accordance with Maslow’s ‘theory of needs’, after having satisfied their ‘first order’ existential desires (e.g. securing well-paid jobs and buying houses/apartments), people move on to seek the satisfaction of their ‘second order’ and ‘third order’ desires, such as attaining self-actualization, for example (Sadri Bowen 2011). Therefore, there can be no much sense in expecting financially well-off employees to continue aspiring to be qualified for increased salaries, as their foremost priority in life, which would provide managers with a rationale to persist with referring to employees, as individuals thoroughly preoccupied with making money. This, of course, creates discursive prerequisites for specifically SSM to be used; within the context of how contemporary managers strive to improve the quality of employees’ performance, as the utilization of this methodology is well capable of identifying the ‘weltanschauung’-related aspects of many employees’ existential agenda, undetectable by ‘hard’ systemic methodologies. The SSM’s very theoretical premise establishes objective preconditions for this to be the case, â€Å"In contrast to ‘hard’ approaches†¦ SSM concentrates on learning from organizational and contextual ambiguity and appreciating socially conditioned problem situations with a view to changing relationships and making improvementsâ €  (Jacobs 2004, p. 140). The fact that, as of today, a number of currently deployed performance-enhancing strategies are being concerned with providing employees with essentially psychological incentives (such as allowing them to participate in the decision-making process), as the foremost mean of ensuring the integrity of their professional commitment, substantiates the validity of this statement. Checkland’s SSM can also be successfully resorted to, when the issue of increasing the hospitalized patients’ recovery-chances is being at stake. After all, it does not represent much of a secret that the majority of healthcare professionals in Western countries continues to assess the extent of their professional adequacy in regards to the measure of their willingness to adhere to the provisions of specifically Western (orthodox) medical paradigm, which stipulates the rationale-based ‘measurableness’ of physicians’ performance. This is the reason why many orthodox physicians do not even look forward to meet with their patients personally, in order to be able to diagnose them and to prescribe them with a particular drug. All the diagnosis-seeking individuals have to do, is to show up at the hospital, to provide the required blood and urine samples, and to come back to this hospital in a few days of time, in order to get their drug-prescription. The fact that the drug-prescription will be provided to these individuals needs not to be doubted. This is because, as of today, the health workers’ career-prospects are still being assessed in regards to the strength of their enthusiasm in prescribing patients with as many conventional drugs, as possible (Reast, Palihawadana Dayananda 2008). However, this mechanistic approach to treating patients can hardly be considered appropriate, because it does not take into account the patients’ (often irrational) expectations, as to how they should be treated. This especially appear s to be the case when the ethnically visible individuals are being concerned. After all, as opposed to what it is being the case with Western (White) patients, who expect to be ‘cured’ by the mean of swallowing the prescribed drugs, many representatives of racial minorities in Western hospitals expect to be ‘healed’, in the holistic sense of this word – hence, their often clearly defined reluctance to be injected with drugs. This, of course, does suggest that it is being only the matter of time, before SSM will be widely used in the field of a healthcare, as well. After all, it now becomes increasingly clear to more and more people that it is no longer acceptable to evaluate the varying extent of patients’ well-being solely through the spiritually arrogant lenses of Western euro-centrism. Finally, SSM appears thoroughly adjusted to serve as a tool for increasing the effectiveness of advertising/marketing campaigns, because it insists that it i s specifically the non-quantifiable aspects of consumers’ ‘mental wiring’, which define these people’s buying choices. The validity of this suggestion can be well observed in regards to what accounts for the main difference between Western advertisement posters, on the one hand, and Oriental (Asian) ones, on the other. Whereas, Western advertisement posters tend to place the advertised object at the center, Oriental posters most common place the advertised object in the corner. Western Oriental This is because, as Bower observed it, â€Å"(Asians) make little use of categories and formal logic and instead focus on relations among objects and the context in which they interact†¦ (Westerners) on the other hand, adopt an ‘analytic’ perspective. They look for the traits of objects while largely ignoring their context† (2000, p. 57). If we were to address the issue of increasing the commercial appeal of an advertising campaign/poster (designed to target multicultural audiences), in accordance with the provisions of conventional systemic methodologies, the fact that the people’s perception of the surrounding reality and their place in it reflects the particulars of their ethno-cultural/racial affiliation, would not be acknowledged. This, of course, would prevent us from considering the factor of people’s perceptual ‘otherness’, within the context of how we would go about tackling the task. As a result, the final product’s (advertisement campaign/poster) effectiveness would suffer a great deal of emotive shortcomings. This, however, would not be the case if, while elaborating on the expected properties of the proposed poster/campaign’s commercial appeal, we would remain fully observant of the SSM’s conceptual provisions. Nowadays, Checkland’s SSM continues to be criticized on the ground of its presumed lack of a scientific legitimacy. After all, it often does prove rather impossible for the SSM’s practitioners that conduct an inquiry into the discursive essence of a particular ‘soft’ systemic phenomenon in question, to ensure the predictability of the expected outcomes. At the same time, however, there are a number of good reasons to think of SSM, as such that provides us with the glimpse into what would be the nature of ‘things to come’ in the field of a sociological/managerial research. This is because, despite the earlier mentioned SSM’s downside, the model does insist that it is specifically the methodology (reflective of the specifics of the concerned researchers’ unconsciously constructed worldviews), which defines the actual method and not vice versa. It is turn, this presupposition appears thoroughly correlative with what contemporary psychologists and neurologists know about the functioning of a human brain. This is exactly the reason why, as time goes on, we will be witnessing more and more instances of SSM being put into a practical use. I believe that this conclusion adheres to the initially proposed thesis perfectly well. Works Cited Bower, B 2000, ‘Cultures of reason’, Science News, vol. 157 no. 4, pp. 56-58. Checkland, P 2000, ‘Soft systems methodology: a thirty year retrospective’, Systems Research and Behavioral Science, vol. 17 no. 3, pp.11-58. Hardman, J Paucar-Caceres, A 2011, ‘A soft systems methodology (SSM) based framework for evaluating managed learning environments’, Systemic Practice Action Research, vol. 24 no. 2, pp. 165-185. Jacobs, B 2004, ‘Using soft systems methodology for performance improvement and organizational change in the English National Health Service’, Journal of Contingencies Crisis Management, vol. 12 no. 4, pp. 138-149. Ledington, P Donaldson, J 1997, ‘Soft OR and management practice: a study of the adoption and use of soft systems methodology’, The Journal of the Operational Research Society, vol. 48 no. 3, pp. 229-240. McKinney, R 2009, ‘The neuroscience of certainty’, Philosophy Today. vol. 53 no. 4, pp. 414-421. Reast, J, Palihawadana, D Shabbir, H 2008, ‘The ethical aspects of direct to consumer advertising of prescription drugs in the United Kingdom: physician versus consumer’, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 48 no. 3, pp. 450-464. Sadri, G Bowen, R 2001, ‘Meeting employee requirements: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is still a reliable guide to motivating staff’, Industrial Engineer, vol. 43 no. 10, pp. 44-48. This essay on Soft Systems Methodology was written and submitted by user Joslyn Carver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why Nuclear Fusion Is So Cool....... For A Fusion Reaction To Take Pla

Why nuclear fusion is so cool....... For a fusion reaction to take place, the nuclei, which are positively charged, must have enough kinetic energy to overcome their electrostatic force of repulsion. This can occur either when one nucleus is accelerated to high energies by an accelerating device, or when the energies of both nuclei are raised by the application of very high temperature. The latter method, referred to the application of thermonuclear fusion, is the source of a lot of really cool energy. Enough energy is produced in thermonuclear fusion to suck the paint of 1 city block of houses and give all of the residents permanent orange Afros. The sun is a example of thermonuclear fusion in nature. If I was a atom, I could only wish to be in a thermonuclear reaction. Thermonuclear reactions occur when a proton is accelerated and collides with another proton and then the two protons fuse, forming a deuterium nucleus which has a proton, neutrino and lots of energy. I have no idea what a deuterium nucleus is, but is must be 10 times cooler than just a regular nucleus. Such a reaction is not self sustaining because the released energy is not readily imparted to other nuclei. thermonuclear fusion of deuterium and tritium will produce a helium nucleus and an energetic neutron that can help sustain further fusion. This is the basic principal of the hydrogen bomb which employs a brief, controlled thermonuclear fusion reaction. This was also how the car in the Back to the Future movie worked. It had a much more sophisticated system of producing a fusion reaction from things like, old coffee grounds, bananas, and old beer cans. Thermonuclear reactions depend on high energies, and the possibility of a low-temperature nuclear fusion has generally been discounted. Little does the scientific community know about my experiments. I have produced cold fusion in my basement with things like: stale bread, milk, peanut butter and flat Pepsi. I have been able to produce a ten -megaton reaction which as little as a saltine cracker and some grass clippings. But enough about my discoveries. Early in 1989 two electrochemists startled the scientific world by claiming to achieve a room-temperature fusion in a simple laboratory. They had little proof to back up their discovery, and were not credited with their so-called accomplishment. The two scientists were Stanley Pons of the university of Utah and Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton in England. They described their experiment as involving platinum electrodes an electrochemical cell in which palladium and platinum were immersed in heavy water. These two losers said that the cell produced more heat than could be accounted for. Yeah right!! The week before I was talking to both men on the phone and I told them about all of the cool things you could do with platinum. I said "Now Martin, what you need to do is get your hands on some platinum and some heavy Mexican drinking water. The amount of ch emicals in the Mexican drinking water is sure to cause a violent reaction with the platinum electrodes and produce lots of energy. I have been doing this sort of things in my basement for years." When I told him that though that NASA could power their shuttles with this sort of a reaction, he nearly wet his pants. Now as usual, I received no credit for MY discovery, but that is ok..I have grown used to it. I taught Einstein, Newton, and Ron Popeel (inventor of things like the pasto-matic, hair-in-a-can, and the pocket fisherman) everything they know. Besides, the two shmucks didn't even follow my instructions for the experiment. However, until I reveal my secrets about cold fusion, it will remain only a proposed theory. nuclear fusion is also what powers the rest of the stars in the solar system. Stars carry out fusion in a thermonuclear manner. Thermonuclear is a really cool word which I am going to use several more times just because it is so cool. In a thermonuclear reaction mat ter is forced to exist in only in a plasma state, consisting of electrons, positive ions and very few neutral atoms. Fusion reactions that occur within a plasma

Ismenes Monologue From Antigone

Ismene's Monologue From Antigone This dramatic female monologue is a selection from Act One of Antigone by Sophocles. About Ismene as a Character Ismene is a fascinating character. In this dramatic  monologue, she conveys grief and shame as she reflects upon her father Oedipus’ sad history. She also warns that Antigone’s fate and her own might be worse if they disobey the laws of the land. She is at once melancholy, fearful, and diplomatic. Context of the Monologue Within the Play The brothers of Ismene and Antigone battle for control of Thebes. Both perish. One brother is buried as a hero. The other brother is deemed a traitor to his people. When the corpse of Antigone’s brother is left to rot out on the battlefield, Antigone is determined to set things right, even if it means defying the laws of King Creon. Her sister Ismene is not as headstrong. She is sad for the death and dishonor of her brother. However, she does not want to risk her life by upsetting the â€Å"powers that be.† Ismenes Monologue Bethink thee, sister, of our fathers fate,Abhorred, dishonored, self-convinced of sin,Blinded, himself his executioner.Think of his mother-wife (ill sorted names)Done by a noose herself had twined to deathAnd last, our hapless brethren in one day,Both in a mutual destiny involved,Self-slaughtered, both the slayer and the slain.Bethink thee, sister, we are left alone;Shall we not perish wretchedest of all,If in defiance of the law we crossA monarchs will?- weak women, think of that,Not framed by nature to contend with men.Remember this too that the stronger rules;We must obey his orders, these or worse.Therefore I plead compulsion and entreatThe dead to pardon. I perforce obeyThe powers that be. Tis foolishness, I ween,To overstep in aught the golden mean.

A Network Solution for Alpha Omega Technical Industries Case Study

A Network Solution for Alpha Omega Technical Industries - Case Study Example The network will guarantee particular degrees of performance, security, and availability in the process of satisfying client needs (Rangan, 1987). The network will link computers with a broad spectrum of performance that will also run various operating systems. In future, the performance of networks will vary from one area to other depending on the speed of communication lines such as the installation of fiber optic cables. The new system will give room to the user to apply knowledge regarding versatility of the network with limited inquiries from all the people accessing the system. The network puts into consideration the fact that the clientele base is heterogeneous as it covers more than three continents. The network will also remain different in power covering desktops, personal computers, as well as large mainframes. The services provided by the new network will be simple but with enormous abilities to satisfy the complex nature of clients served by the business. The software and hardware system entailed in the network is heterogeneous enough to link the administration of the company to the rest of the staffs within the stores' department. The network will cross many countries and several continents. As opposed to other systems, each portion of the network in each country will fall under a single management unit although it an agent will handle the same where necessary. Appointed agents are important for economic and security reasons in certain countries. The surety concerning the privacy of files will be the responsibility of independent subnets where they serve in their countries. The network covering storage file servers will base on RPC communications as well as transactional file serves. The function of file servers will be keeping unstructured files where every file remains logical and the storage pattern assumes a specific sequence containing data bytes.  

Discussion based on the east asia crisis Assignment

Discussion based on the east asia crisis - Assignment Example The international monetary fund (IMF) and world bank had not surveyed the abundant achievements of the area. According to Stilgitz, this may have resulted due to the East Asia rejections to follow western policies such as the Washington consensus so as to attain success (Stiglitz 89-99). Stiglitz discusses two patterns. The devaluation of the nation’s currency which occurred frequently all over the area. If a merchant believes a currency will devaluate they sell their stocks of that money, this leads currency to devalue since the supply of money rises while demand does not. The government also spends its foreign currency reserves to pile up its own currency until it gets exhausted of the reserves, either way the currency falls in value. This case was mainly in Thailand(Stiglitz 99-111). The second pattern was realized after the end of the Korean War. The country reformed its economy by tightly controlling its financial markets. After much pressure from the United States it reluctantly allowed its firm to borrow from aboard, this borrowing from the abroad exposed themselves to the vagaries of the international market. The Withdrawal of the World Bank from lending it caused its downfall in the economy (Stiglitz 99-111). IMF had a role of lending the money to the East Asia countries. But it did it at a higher interest rate, cutbacks in government spending and increase in taxes. Other additional conditions a county was mandated to make increase in openness and transparency and improve in the financial market as well as minor reforms such as abolition of the clove monopoly in Indonesia. Moreover, the idea of the capital account liberation without evidence that such policies promote growth was the one of most important factor to the cause of the crisis. This made the developing nations subject to both rational and irrational whims of the investor community. The Beggar-thyself

To what extent has Henry VIIs success as the first of the Tudor Essay

To what extent has Henry VIIs success as the first of the Tudor Monarchs been exaggerated - Essay Example This was shown in his productive use of the chamber system for money matters during his â€Å"personal rule† from 1503-1509, which Edward IV (1471-1483) introduced previously. Furthermore, we find fault in Christine Carpenter’s observation that Henry â€Å"became king under better circumstances than any other† – because the country itself was battered and bruised from the long and arduous Wars of the Roses. The above issues are just some of the arguments that make Henry VII’s alleged success controversial and exaggerated. But in order to come to a conclusive and relatively balanced position as to how exaggerated Henry’s success has been, it is imperative to review some of the historiographical evidence available to us from contemporary and modern day accounts. Why would anyone want to distort or exaggerate Henry’s success? Usually the answer can be found embedded in matters concerning patronage, flattery and the obvious fact that few individuals would wish to risk their lives in making the king appear ignorant or incompetent. For starters, I can easily understand what Michael Sittow’s portrait of Henry in 1505 was trying to depict. Sittow conveyed a man that is richly dressed (showing his omnipotent Tudor badge) with the faint presence of what seems a slight, grudging smile. Here, we first encounter the exaggeration in terms of his physical appearance. If Sittow’s portrait were entirely accurate, for instance, then why would Pietro Torrigiano’s sculpture be so very different? As Dawson stated, they are so peculiarly distinct from each other that the latter’s Henry â€Å"could be a different man.† Torrigiano used higher cheekbones and a longer nose, which, no doubt, modified to take after the â€Å"high Roman fashion† reflected in Shakespeare’s own, Antony and Cleopatra. Obviously, the sculptor aimed to create a domineering, decisive and commanding figure.

Anysys Fluent Simulation Of Turbulent Flow Engineering Essay

Anysys Fluent Simulation Of Turbulent Flow Engineering Essay The characteristics of fluid flow with sudden expansion in a 1:2 diameter ratio pipe are investigated using ANSYS Fluent. Results show fluid re-circulates just after expansion, length of recirculation zone approximates to 0.35m. Velocity, turbulence intensity and pressure vary along pipe length in accordance with Bernoullis principle. Influence of change in turbulence models on accuracy is also investigated with the Reynolds Stress model providing the relatively best fit although other turbulence models (realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ and SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ °) provide reasonably close fitting models. Results were checked for mesh independence and validated. Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) involves computational simulation of fluid flows in different situations employing numerical solution of basic flow equations e.g. the continuity equation and other equations over a discretized unit reference (Versteeg, and Malalasekera, 2007). The usage of CFD transcends the traditional scope of chemical engineering profession into wider areas such as oceanography, biomedical engineering electrical circuitry, etc (Fairweather, 2011). Sudden expansion in pipes involves fluid flow from a smaller hydraulic diameter to a larger one. Flow separation usually occurs in a sudden expansion scenario, where a part of the fluid flows in opposition to the main fluid flow. This are called eddies, and are strong contributors to the irreversibility of practical flows as energy is dissipated by this eddies. Thus it is of great significance to be able to model eddies in a sudden expansion flow adequately and observe the characteristics of this recirculation zone (efluids, 2011; Gharegbagi and Ali, 2011; Mahmud, 2011: Roy, et al 2010). Sudden expansion is a simple looking but intriguing case of fluid flow in pipes. Sanmiguel-Rojas (2010) implies that not many significant studies have been done on instabilities encountered in steady, turbulent, sudden expansion fluid flow with respect to spatial structure of piping with D2/D1 = 2. However, previous remarkable work in this field includes Roy, et al (2010) and Mansoori and Bazargan-Lari (2007). Examples of scenarios in which the above phenomenon occurs include; Flows into a tank, oil drilling and extraction, plug flow reactors, combustion engines, aerodynamics, etc. Software ANSYS Fluent is a commercial CFD package that models flow via the finite-volume method (a variation of the finite difference method) created by the company Fluent (now part of ANSYS Inc.). Pre-processing of the case study (meshing) was done on Gambit which comes along with Fluent (now ICEM). The version of Fluent employed in this report is 12.1 (CFD-online, 2011; Weidner, 2011; ANSYS, 2009). This report covers the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) modelling of turbulent flow with sudden expansion in a 1: 2 diameter piping, using the pressure based solver and the second order upwind difference scheme in ANSYS Fluent. Effects of changes in turbulence models on computational time, and accuracy would be examined, visual plots would be used to describe and analyse modelling results. SIMULATION METHODOLOGY Fig 1: diagrammatic representation of simulation process (Fairweather, 2011) Nature of Fluid flow under consideration Calculating the Reynolds number of the flow helps to determine the nature of the flow. At Normal Temperature and pressure (P = 101.325 kgm-2, T = 288.16 K) Generally it is accepted that flows with a Reynolds number (Re) > 4000 are turbulent in nature. Therefore it is established that the flow under consideration is a turbulent flow Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) RANS involves the time averaging of the equations that govern turbulent fluid flow to capture information on variations that occur on a minute scale while avoiding horrendously lengthy computation times. RANS represents variations as a mean such that ; ; ; and P RANS is employed in obtaining the equations that were numerically solved in this report assuming constant velocity and viscous flows (Fairweather, 2011). Geometry: The geometry consists of two pipes of diameter ratio 1:2 joined together through which fluid flows with no bends as shown below Fig 2: geometry of pipe showing mesh grid/mesh discretization Governing Equations Continuity equation: Momentum equation (x-direction only) Where:; ; ; ; ; ; TURBULENCE MODELS Realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ model The k-ÃŽÂ µ model is a two equation model that assumes a linear relationship between Reynolds stress and rate of strain. It has the advantages of fast computation time, wide usage and extensive validation. However, it predicts badly the length of eddies for complex flows. The realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ model is an update to the model based on observed strengths and weaknesses of the standard k-ÃŽÂ µ model (Fairweather, 2011; ANSYS, 2009). Below is a mathematical representation of the standard k-ÃŽÂ µ model Where: ÃŽÂ ¦ = k or ÃŽÂ µ; SÃŽÂ ¦=source term for k or ÃŽÂ µ; Sk= G-à Ã‚ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ µ (production rate of k-destruction rate of k); SÃŽÂ µ= (C1G-C2à Ã‚ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ µ)(ÃŽÂ µ/k) = (production rate of k-destruction rate of k) ; N.B. for this simulation: ; and SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model The k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model is also a two equation model based on the Wilcox k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model. It is suitable for wall bounded flows and free shear flows as it performs low Reynolds number corrections, computation time is relatively fast and accuracy is better than the k-ÃŽÂ µ model in most cases. à Ã¢â‚¬ ° is specific dissipation rate and is analogous to a ratio of ÃŽÂ µ/k. The SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model is an improved version of the standard k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model (ANYSYS, 2009). Reynolds Stress Model This is a very rigorous model, with seven equations unlike the preceding 2-equation models. It provides more accuracy where other models are faulty e.g. impinging flows and can predict fluid flow for a lot of cases closely without any dedicated / individual adjustments. However, computing costs are large (Fairweather, 2011) The first six equations of the RSM model can be condensed into the equation below Where: ; ; ; The seventh equation (turbulence dissipation rate) is N.B. in this simulation: ; and Numerical methods The discretization employed is the finite volume method. It is a variant of the finite difference method. This scheme splits up the domain into discrete control volumes over which the control equations are resolved using a truncated Taylor series expansion. Finite volume method is the most established of Discretization schemes in CFD modelling. Convective fluxes were evaluated with the second order upwind-difference scheme (Fairweather, 2011; Versteeg, and Malalasekera, 2007). Boundary conditions Table 1: boundary conditions for numeric solution (adapted from Versteeg, and Malalasekera, 2007) Realizable k- ÃŽÂ µ model SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model Reynold Stress model Inlet k = 0.01148438 m2s-2 ÃŽÂ µ = 0.02888982 m2s-3 k = 0.1148438 m2s-2 à Ã¢â‚¬ °= 27.95085 Rij = ÃŽÂ µ = Outlet ; ; ; Interior k = 0 ; ÃŽÂ µ = 0 k = 0 ; à Ã¢â‚¬ ° = 0 Rij = 0 ; ÃŽÂ µ = 0 Walls law of the wall Law of the wall Wall functions Convergence criteria and levels For all the equations solved by each model, a uniform convergence criterion of 1.0 x 10-4 was used for every equation solved. The value represented an informed compromise between acceptable accuracy and realistic computation time (ANYSYS, 2009). It is worthy of note that for the RSM model, this relatively stringent criterion caused the number of iterations to exceed 14,000 without any obvious improvement in results as shown in fig 2. Therefore a cap of 4,000 iterations was placed on the RSM calculations. Results show there was no ensuing negative impact on accuracy of numerical solution. Fig 3: Iteration length for RSM model showing Mesh Independence test The table below shows that results from the modelling experiment are similar and essentially the same within three (3) decimal places of precision irrespective of mesh size employed. Also since assurance of mesh independence cannot be guaranteed by mere reduction in cell size (Sloan et al, 1986), an attempt was made at adaptive meshing to attenuate important flow variations and phenomenon with the same results obtained. Table 2: Grid/Mesh independence of simulation Gambit Mesh/Grid size Volume of unit cells Mass flow rate at inlet [kgs-1] Mass flow rate at Pressure-outlet [kgs-1] Error Percentage Difference (%) 5 439,993 0.016809944 0.016809996 -5.22E-08 3.09 x 10-4 7 163,311 0.01678467 0.016784551 1.19E-07 7.08 x 10-4 10 55,182 0.016728994 0.016729204 2.1E-07 1.255 x 10-3 10b 100,693 0.016728994 0.016728895 -9.9E-08 5.9 x 10-4 15 16,750 0.016609019 0.016608695 -3.24E-07 1.95 x 10-3 N.B. 10 b means mesh size 10 with boundary layer mesh added (adaptive meshing) Grid optimization (Mesh finesse Vs Time trade off) The greater the volume of unit cells in grid per geometry, the better the accuracy of numeric analysis. However, within the scope of grid independence, results are relatively uniform irrespective of mesh size. The cost of finesse of grid is computation time could be noticed with the case of mesh size 5 (439,993 cells) which took almost forever to compute using the RSM model and had to be terminated. Thus mesh 10 (55,182 cells) and 10b (100,693 cells) were employed for analysis with other mesh sizes serving as validation checks RESULTS AND ANALYSIS Part 1 Taking a close look at flow close to the walls of the pipe, we see the effect of sudden expansion resulting in backflow of fluid creating velocities in the opposite direction (red box). Recirculation zone is approximately 0.37m in length. We also can see how the fluid adjust to changes in geometry with a sharp rise velocity to fill the voids created by liquid moving backwards then a gradual decrease as pressure pile us towards the exit of the pipe Fig 4: velocity variation along length of pipe close to the walls showing effects of recirculation Fig 6 shows the variation in turbulence intensity. It can be seen that the flow becomes more turbulent around the recirculation zone with dead (stagnant) flow occurring just at the corners of the pipe. Fig 7: displays the total pressure variations in the pipe. It can be noted that sudden expansion causes a drop in total fluid pressure. Fig 8 shows the radial velocity and profile. It can be noted that velocity variation in the radial direction is minimal, which is typical of plug fluid flow depicted by fig 5. Fig 9 is a streamline plot of axial velocity, velocity variation along the axial direction is more dominant than in the radial direction, also worthy of note is the length of the recirculation zone (black box) and the reattachment zone. Fig 5: stages of flow development at different positions on pipe length Fig 6: Turbulence intensity profile of fluid along length of pipe Fig 7: Total pressure profile of fluid along length of pipe Fig 8: Radial velocity profile of fluid Fig 9: streamline plot of axial velocity of fluid Part 2 Fig10(a-c) shows axial velocity profiles for different turbulent models in order of increasing complexity (realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ à ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¶ SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° à ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¶ RSM). Curves get smother showing a more gradual response of the fluid to changes and also approach exact solution, as model complexity increases. However, all the essential features of the fluid flow are well represented by all models. Fig 11(a-c) displays turbulence intensity variations, more variation details are captured as model increases in complexity. Worthy of note is that the SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° model provides a more detailed picture of turbulent intensity variation in reference to the other models picking up intensities as low as 5.42 x 10-5 %, while the realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ picks up a minimum of 0.336% and RSM 1.45% Fig 12(a-c) shows streamline plot of axial velocity, though length of recirculation zone remains approximately the same the representation of velocity magnitude in recirculation zone varies visibly for each model. Fig 13(a-c) is the radial velocity profile; the SST model indicates larger radial velocities along pipe length than both than both the realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ and the RSM models. For all models radial velocity variation is dominated by axial velocity variations Fig 10a: k-ÃŽÂ µ model Fig 10b: SST model Fig 10c: RSM model Fig 11a: k-ÃŽÂ µ model Fig 11c: RSM model Fig 11b: SST model Fig 12a: k-ÃŽÂ µ model Fig 12b: SST model Fig 12c: RSM model Fig 13a: k-ÃŽÂ µ model Fig 13b: SST model Fig 13c: RSM model VALIDATION OF RESULTS For CFD, convergence of numerical iterations does not really count for much as Versteeg and Malalasekra (2007) put it results are at best as good as the physics embodied in it, or at worst as good as the skill of the operator. Thus, validation of results becomes extremely important. The results obtained herein would be validated thus: Bernoullis equation For an ideal fluid flow Bernoullis equation enables us to calculate the velocity at any point in the pipe (assuming constant flow rate, and negligible friction losses). Therefore we can validate output velocity from fluent using this principle (Roymech, 2011). Where vin = 1.73855 ms-1, P1= 101.325 kgm-2, P2= 101.325 kgm-2, g = 9.81 ms-2; à Ã‚  =1.225 kgm-3; z1 = 0.1m; z2 = 0.1m; Therefore Mass flux variation results from Fluent The third mechanism for validation will be the CFD package fluent itself. Analysis of the computation results as presented in table 4.0, show that value of errors resulting residuals is very low (less than 0.0095%) indicating conservation of mass during numerical calculations which lend credit to suitability and accuracy of model. Table 3: comparison of percentage error of each model MODEL/mesh volume K-EPSILON (%) SST K-OMEGA (%) REYNOLD STRESS (%) 5 0.000309 0.00352 N/A 7 0.000708 0.004468363 0.000673233 10 0.001255 0.007867 0.001124 10 b 0.000153 0.00258 0.001488 15 0.00195 0.000783 0.00927 N.B. 10 b means mesh size 10 with boundary layer mesh added Research journals In addition to the above validation processes, the results of modelling experiment reported in this work were compared with previous research works such as (Roy, et al 2010), (Mansoori and Bazargan-Lai 2007) and (Teyssandiert, 1973). Results obtained corroborated foregoing analysis and results obtained it the above mentioned papers. CONCLUSION In summary, CFD modelling of sudden expansion flow in a 1:2 diameter ratio piping posses the following characteristics. Sudden expansion in pipe flow results in local pressure losses Flow fully develops into plug flow before exit at outlet and majority of the variations occur axially along reactor length Recirculation of fluid occurs after sudden expansion for a lengthspan of approximately 0.35m along pipe Viscous effects along wall boundaries help dissipate energy of turbulent eddies The realizable k-ÃŽÂ µ model predicts the size and strength of recirculation zone poorly, but as flow develops into plug flow, the models accuracy remarkably improves with reference to the other models tested. Turbulence models become better with increase in complexity of model from k-ÃŽÂ µ to SST k-à Ã¢â‚¬ ° to RSM. Ability of other models to better the k-ÃŽÂ µ model in recirculation zone prediction can be attributed to embedded corrections for boundary layer flow, turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rates.

Cabbage vs. Lettuce

Not knowing the difference between the two is enough to irritate ere, and mistaking them for the other is a whole different level of anger and f rustication that could possibly awaken from a pet peeve. It was important enough for her to make a whole blob post on the subject. Natural curiosity got the best of me as I then began to research the e differences and similarities of these vegetables. Tang 2 Cabbage and lettuce are actually from two sign efficiently different plant families to begin with.From first glance it is slightly difficult to immediately tell which of the Greg en's it is in a dish because of how similar their colors and shapes are when cut, cooked, and pre eared. Starting off with the cabbage, according to Bruce of weeklies, it comes from the brassier CAE family of flowering plants otherwise known as mustard flowers or the cabbage family. Other welkin species within the family include broccoli, cauliflower, radish, and turnips. Cab pages are often in the form of a dec ently large, round flower bud of leaves.It looks similar to its notorious cousin, the Brussels sprout, but only more sizable. The cabbage leaves are compact, the kick, dense, and fibrous, so it is not as easy to bend anywhere or else it would break in half. W hen grown at a arm or at home, cabbages grow in a whole flower formation With extensive Ii eaves encircling the middle. To harvest it, people naturally cut the cabbage Stem at the base, leave Eng the large outer leaves still intact to the stem, to collect the middle bud. As for lettuce, they come from the assistance family, also known as the sinful rower family.The other welkin species within assistance include chrysanthemum m and artichokes. Lettuce commonly share a similar small cone shape with the artichoke, but the eye can come In a more sphere shape like the cabbage, as seen with the iceberg lettuce. The lea eves are more flexible around the outer parts but a bit thicker along the middle, so it can be utilized as a wrap fo r some dishes. They can also be easily separated by simply pulling each leaf apart. When harvested, the whole lettuce plant is either dug up or cut off near the soil.As a result, the main aesthetic differences to note are the shape before and oaf term harvesting, and the thickness or compactness of the leaves' composition. How ever, they do not only differ aesthetically but also in taste and smell. The lettuce has a much high her water content Tang 3 Han cabbages, and that gives it the refreshing feel when bitten into. Consensus entry, having a high water content, lettuce cannot be easily preserved through freezing canning, o r drying. On the bright side, that means it is also served fresh and majority of the time.Sadly, c Babbage may have a bitter taste and smell to them when either raw or cooked, but that does not stop us from making great dishes with them. On account of the previous stated facts, each vegetable serves its own special place in cooking. Majority of lettuce is eaten raw in salads and sandwiches, or used as Arians like cilantro on tacos. The reason for not using lettuce in cooking is mainly due to I TTS high water content. Cooking it in some ways may give some undesirable results such as b Ewing too soggy.Chime is a common Korean recipe that serves as a fermented vegetable side dish with multiple seasonings that utilizes cabbages often. The cabbage is able to maintain its cry mushiness and absorb flavors through its density. The same could go for other dishes such a s the popular coleslaw. If you were to substitute the cabbage shreds with lettuce, the texture e of the meal would to have the chunky and crunchy feel, but a more wet and soft texture through hoot. Although, cabbages may win in cooking versatility, it does not render the lettuce as been g inferior.Going past the cooking and looking into the nutrition facts, the natural coma session of both the cabbage and lettuce speak for their nutrition. With the greater density y, the cabbage pac ks the higher calorie and dietary fiber count at nearly three times the ammo aunt the same serving of lettuce can provide. Each of the greens are also great sources of vitamin A ( helps maintain lathe vision, white blood cells, and skin tissue), vitamin C (helps maintain he althea skin, bones, metabolism, and immune system), and potassium (assists with protein for blob odd and bones).

Matav Case Study

Strategic Crossroads at Matav: Hungary’s Telecom Powerhouse Assignment 1 What is Matav’s Strategy? Has it been successful? Matav, being the Hungarian Telecommunications Powerhouse, had secured their foothold in most of the communications market in Hungary, including business services, residential services, Internet and Mobile. Their parent company Deutsche Telekom wanted them to remain an integrated telecommunications company.Since their objectives were laid out in front of them, they were facing a stagnant fixed mobile market in Hungary with the only scope of expansion being the broadband market. So their primary focus was on competitive response to the core customer base, consolidating financial performance, increasing productivity and expanding the broadband market. The next step that Matav took in implementing their strategy was to split their vast company into smaller business units which could manage their market independently and sufficiently.International expans ion was on the cards as well. Belonging to a greater European powerhouse, they had all the man power and resources to help them step in to a new, less visited, European country where the telecommunications prospects were bright. I personally think that there was no other option but to expand their foothold in the rest of Europe and keep the domestic growth ascending with introduction of new technologies. The fixed line business was decreasing as it is and the competition had reached a saturation point.The strategy hasn’t been as successful as late since, the domestic competition has increased, Matav are losing foothold in the fixed and mobile market, contrary to the fact that they still are the number one Telecomm Company in Hungary. Does Matav have any competitive advantages in its domestic markets? Matav, off late, has faced a lot of domestic competition because the East European Market has seen a heavy increase in the small telecommunications companies’ bracket. The se small companies enter the existing markets and offer low price incentives which inevitably increases competition in the price war.Matav is a telecommunications powerhouse. It has the infrastructure, the ability, the foresight and the manpower to match any competition the foreign companies can offer. Matav is a well-established integrated communications company and has footholds in all the four markets of residential, business, internet and mobile. They already have a lot of customer market in the Hungarian environment. Familiarity with the local policies, business and customers makes Matav even more powerful when it comes to dealing with competition.It could add additional services by implementing new technologies on the current infrastructure to the current customer base and could also attract a lot of customers by giving bundled service like fixed and mobile or fixed and internet together. Do Matav’s international expansion plans make sense? Why? Matav was taken over by a European Telecommunications giant. The line was clear. Since the domestic market was completely overwhelmed by Matav, the only logical place to expand further was another European company. Matav is already an integrated telecommunications powerhouse.There is no new market it can create or develop within its own country to sustain development for it. There has to be competition and scope for expansion by introducing new technology into third world countries. This is very attractive when offered at a lower price than your local provider. Matav’s international plans make sense to me for precisely the same reason. There is scope for expansion and revenue in untapped markets more than expansion in tapped markets. Nevertheless, the domestic market should not be overlooked since that’s the main source of revenue and development for Matav.Matav was also losing foothold in themobile market. It needed to expand and look for new markets. This exhibit will show you why. If you w ere a member of the strategy group, what would you recommend to Andras Balogh? If I was a member of the Andras Balogh team, I would recommend continuing what the company was doing. On top of that, I would ask him to fix his gaze more upon the local market since lately, the competition was increasing drastically. Even if the international expansion makes sense, the company should not lose its foothold in the domestic market.Since the infrastructure and the man power already existed, new technologies should be researched and implemented since, if someone else comes up with it, we don’t want to fall behind the market. A new research division should be created which could work in collaboration with the german giants to implement and try new technologies. This team should constantly be in process of innovating and researching new technologies. They should also keep a watch on the new emerging technologies in the markets across the world.Another division should constantly keep chec k on the local market and try and implement and provide the existing customer base enough to hold on to Matav for the next generation of technologies. This division should constantly help provide information to both the research divisions and the international division about the needs and demands of the local market and what to expect. The international division should concentrate solely on expansion and should set up local divisions to help understand the local market. It should also make sure all the international markets communicate with each other.

Cystic Fibrosis essays

Cystic Fibrosis essays About 1 out of 201 Caucasian people carries at least one of the fatal defective genes that cause cystic fibrosis, CF, or mucoviscidosis (in Europe) although carriers don't show any signs of the disease. Therefore, 10 million2 people carry the defective gene and aren't aware of it. Consequently, it makes it one of the most common genetic defect in the United States. CF is a autosomal recessive gene. That means that it may, but doesn't always skip generations. In order to get this disease, both parents must be carriers. If one parent has CF and the other one is not a carrier than there is a 100% chance that their child will be a carrier. If one parent has CF and the other is a carrier than the child has a 50% chance of having CF and a 50% chance of just being a carrier. If both parents are carriers than their child will have a 25% of having CF, a 50% chance of being a carrier and a 25% chance of not being affected. CF is common in both males and females, there is not a specific sex that it is more common in. How does a person know if they have CF? There are many symptoms to this deadly disease including: salty tasting skin, constant coughing, large amounts of mucus, trouble gaining weight, frequent greasy, foul smelling bowel, growths in the nose (nasal polyps) and clubbed or enlarged fingertips and toe tips is another symptom. Now there are many tests that can be done to find put if a person has CF. One way which CF can be detected is to observe the symptoms. A person doesn't need to have all the symptoms in order to have cystic fibrosis, but they usually show most of them. Another way are different genetic testing. Doctors can now do genetic testing for CF, but about 10 years ago they couldn't. In 1989, the location where the of the defective gene on chromosome number 7 is was discovered by Francis S. Collins from University of Michigan. Tests can now be taken to see if an unborn child is infected with CF such tests are amnioce...

Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example

Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay For this assignment I will explicate personal values, biass, ethical quandary and the impact they have had on societal work pattern by reflecting on one of my beliefs and how I had to dispute myself to get the better of it. Using Marxists and Feminists positions of subjugation I aim to place, recognize, regard and value diverse persons for which I will give an illustration of which happened to me and how I had to dispute favoritism towards others. I will besides discourse theoretical models to undertaking subjugation and favoritism by utilizing the PCS theoretical account and how people can go empowered through groups, protagonism or statute law. Personal values, Biass, Ethical Dilemmas, Conflict of Interest and their impact on Social Work Practice A value is something that concerns person or a belief they hold, this determines how a individual behaves, values do non find if something is said whether it is right or incorrect in today s society. However, a individual s belief s can impact how they behave towards others. Prejudice is a term which has instead negative intensions and is usually taken to intend a hostile attitude towards a individual or group ( Billingham et al. 2008. Pg. 196 ) One of my values and a bias of mine is that any occupation I am employed in will finally travel to people working in a foreign state, particularly India. This all stems from when I worked for a 3rd party recognition card processor, after giving them nine old ages of service I was traveling to be made redundant and my occupation would be actioned from people in India. For the following two months I would hold to develop people from there all the applications I was presently or had worked on. This gave me a quandary do state them all the information I knew or merely some of it? I had to be professional, so I gave them as much information on the applications for which I knew about, I even created user ushers to assistance with the preparation and they could utilize when I had left the company. When speaking to the people I found that we had things in common with each other and they were saddened that a individual would lose their occupation. It was nt their mistake I was being made redundant but the companies in which we worked for. I had successfully challenged the new belief that had risen from a sad state of affairs. Valuess are merely every bit good as the actions they prompt ( Preston-Shoot, 1996. Pg 31 ) When working with people from other states I will necessitate to set my ain values and biass aside, as everyone deserves aid and advice in their lives no affair where they come from in the universe. If I fail to set my values and biass aside whilst working with them it will impact the aid they will have from me, I need to be unfastened minded to all civilizations. Thompson ( 2005 ) explains that there is a demand for genuineness ( congruity ) to be achieved in societal work, that a positive working relationship between service user and societal worker is needed based on trust and regard for each other to develop. Identify, Recognise, Respect and Value Diverse Persons Thompson ( 2006 ) describes favoritism as to place a difference and is non needfully a negative term . But when used in footings of legal, moral or in a political sense it is referred to as being unjust e.g. being below the belt treated for your gender or cultural beginning. If this occurs it can take to a individual being oppressed. When looking at subjugation from a Marxists position DAmato claims that people are oppressed because of the category in which they live in, that adult females, homophiles or people of colored tegument are low-level to the Bourgeoisie and Capitalism is needed in society as it shapes and depends on subjugation for its endurance. Marxists argue that if racism, sexism or homophobia was to be embraced it will intend that a capitalist authorities would necessitate to be overthrown and that subjugation is indispensable to the battle of socialism. From a Extremist Feminists view Zeiber ( 2008 ) argues that adult females are oppressed within the patriarchal system, that matrimony and the household are a consequence of capitalist economy. Holmstrom ( 2003 ) speaks about Socialist Feminism, holding that adult females are oppressed by the laterality of work forces and of the economic inequality because of the places of power males have within society. I work on a farm where we frequently have Polish every bit good as British people working at that place. One twelvemonth a co-worker was doing barbarous gags towards the Polish people, as others were doing merriment at their civilization, and their Catholic beliefs were incorrect. I could see that something was incorrect, so I spoke to them ; they told me they felt they were being discriminated against and started to experience really oppressed because they were non British. Then I spoke to my director about the state of affairs which was go oning and he left me to cover with. I had to believe about how I was traveling to near it so both parties would be happy with the result. So I asked the culprit to come outdoors and speak with me. I told him that the Polish people were unhappy the manner in which he was handling them. He was shocked as he thought they were all holding a laugh with each other. It was difficult for me to face the culprit as it was my male parent, a adult male I looked up to. Reflecting on what had happened I knew I had said the right things to my male parent as they continued to work with each in harmoniousness, non desiring to pique each other, enabling a good working environment for all. Discrimination can be found in establishments like the church, prison or by a individual in a place of power. It can be covertly actioned by utilizing camouflages like the Klu Klux Klan in USA wear masks hiding their individuality or overtly actioned like apartheid in South Africa or the BNP in Britain. Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Discrimination and Oppression Thompson ( 1997 ) shows how subjugation can be analysed utilizing the PCS theoretical account and there are three degrees: Personal ( P ) an person s positions e.g. bias against a group of people. Cultural ( C ) shared values between others, what is incorrect or right, this in bend signifiers a consensus. Structural ( S ) how subjugation of society is formed through establishment who support cultural norms A ; personal beliefs e.g. faith, media or authorities. Here is an illustration of the PCS theoretical account in action: Phosphorus: Young adult male in the nine you work at makes violative and derogative remarks about a cheery adult male who attends besides. He says that gay people are non natural or normal . Degree centigrades: Gay people mostly repulse the community around him, and many of the community members are involved with the local church, keeping steadfast positions about sexual ethical motives . Second: Popular tabloid media berates the abnormal activities of homosexual people. Religious leaders of all religions back up the instatement of Torahs to halt equal rights for cheery people. Legislation is passed by parliament that compromises the rights of homosexual, sapphic and bisexual people. There is an overpowering consensus of power used in all signifiers of structural life. ( Wood, J. 2001 ) By utilizing the PCS theoretical account it can assist a individual build an thought as to why others act the manner they do e.g. the stereotype of a adolescent have oning a goon, you believe they are problem shapers because of what the media have reported, but non every adolescent is out for problem. Another theoretical model to undertaking subjugation and favoritism is through authorization. By authorising person means to enable a individual to derive control over and taking duty for ain their actions. The Humanist attack by Carl Rogers ( 1959 ) encourages people to go sceptered. As student societal workers we are taught about authorising the service user, to concentrate on their strengths and to work together as peers, we besides need to safeguard vulnerable people, to take into history a individual s economic, political and cultural background at the same clip. Groups besides work to authorise people as they offer support and if they act as one they can go powerful. An illustration of this is from the Times Online dated June 13th 2007 How football made us ( see attachment 1 ) , by organizing a football squad for mentally sick patients they each became sceptered able to make things on their ain without holding aid from others. Make usage of Schemes to Challenge Discrimination, Inequality and Injustice There are schemes in topographic point to assist educate people about inequality, favoritism and unfairness such as protagonism and statute law. As societal workers we need to back up and talk up for persons that face being oppressed or discriminated against. By utilizing protagonism to stand for those who are unable to talk up for themselves. E.g. have larning or communicating troubles. Walker ( 2008 ) advises that protagonism has it strengths but besides has its failings. Strength from utilizing protagonism are: Peoples who have been socially excluded from mainstream society addition a voice, when a service user has a societal worker who listens can be given assurance to talk for themselves, therefore turning in ego assurance and societal workers can larn and understand more on how it feels to be disempowered when listening to a service user. But the failings are: there is a danger that the societal worker can set their ain positions frontward and non those positions of the service user, the advocator can take over, therefore the service user can go disempowered and the societal worker may happen that by utilizing protagonism it can set them in struggle with the administration in which the work for, their truenesss can go split. The statute law in topographic point is to assist and protect people against inequality and favoritism, for illustration: Equal Pay Acts 1970 A ; 1983 prohibits favoritism on the evidences of sex associating to pay and footings of contract. Race Relations Act 1976 prohibits favoritism on the footing of race, coloring material, nationality or cultural beginning. Subsequently amended in 2000 to include a responsibility on public governments in transporting out their responsibilities to hold due respect to extinguish improper favoritism and to advance equality. ( Brayne et al, 2010. Pg. 89-90 ) The British Association of Social Work ( BASW ) has a codification of moralss associating to how societal workers must go more cultural cognizant. Paragraph 4.1.6 ( pg. 49 ) provinces that as a societal worker you will: Recognise diverseness among civilizations and so recognize what the impact of their ain cultural A ; cultural individuality can hold on others. Gain working cognition and apprehension of service users cultural and cultural associations and the values, beliefs and imposts associated with them, even though the service users may be different. Communicate efficaciously in a linguistic communication in which both parties will understand, if demands be so by utilizing an independent translator. By utilizing the tools I have learnt through the class I will be able to dispute favoritism, inequality and subjugation, I will be more unfastened minded to people that need help from societal services and no affair what their cultural background is I will be able to utilize this cognition successfully. Wordss used 1622

GE and the Honeywell. Argument For And Against The Commission Decision Essay

GE and the Honeywell. Argument For And Against The Commission Decision - Essay Example According to Pfanz (2001), the categories of bundling might have included pure and mixed. Indeed, as the paper progresses it would be simpler to deduce the category. The Commission suggested that the bundling technique would have many pleasant effects on the merged GE and Honeywell’s competitors in the markets for aerospace equipment and jet engines. This is because the rivals’ market shares would be eroded by their incapability to compete with the joined entity package deals, which in turn would lower the profitability of their rivals leading to their exit (Schlossberg & American Bar Association. Section of Antitrust Law 2008, p. 17). The Commission thought that the ability of the company to employ bundling would enable the combined corporate to offer complimentary goods at a reduced price compared to when the products are sold separately. The Commission suggested that bundling would lower the revenues for the GE’s and Honey well’s Competitors in the market. The reduction of revenues would be advantageous to the companies since it would reduce their competitors’ ability to invest. Moreover, it would augment the companies’ capabilities of competing effectively. According to the Commission’s view, the prices could rise in future, and this would cause harm to their rivals and customers in the market. From the Commission’s presentation, bundling would have an ultimate effect of shutting out markets for the competitors who deals with single line of products. Such foreclose would help in the decrease of investments by other competitors or even eliminate them. The Commission pre dicted that the combined business would have incentives by bundling its companies’ products. This would make its competitors to be less competitive by depriving then revenues. This implies that the firms that have been deprived their revenues would not cover their fixed cost. He argued that this would be advantageous to the EG and Honeywell, since it would have unpleasant effects on their competitors spending and thus they would not compete effectively in future. In his argument, the Commission proved his points by providing proof that Honeywell uses bundling in strategic way called â€Å"multi-product† bids. Moreover, the Commission got evidence from the companies’ competitors proving that they faced Honeywell bundling, which made it difficult for them to compete. Therefore, the Commission said that if bundling were to continue, their rivals would withdraw particularly the Rockwell Collins Company

Middle Eastern Studies Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Middle Eastern Studies Journal - Essay Example This basic enumeration of the conflicts within the region betrays the inherent causes and motives by speaking only of the volume and frequency, and the extent of both human and financial resources (mis)directed towards the defense and invasions within the Middle East as compared to other regions of the world. These connect between wars and the military has been the largest barrier to adoption of more â€Å"liberal political practices† that are favored by Western states such as the United States and Britain. Therefore, what are the geneses of such conflicts? What roles do the military serve herein? In Western Europe, the perceived desires to create powerful military forces pushed central authorities to tighten their grip on societies and acquire resources through the imposition of taxes which was used to pay military effort. Consequently, strong centralized states emerged around militaries; the inherent nature of war therein led to protonationalism. Middle East societies have l argely been under military rule since they gained independence; whether directly or indirectly, the power wielders have uncharacteristically been military officers (Richards and Waterbury 345). ... A fundamental aspect of Middle East’s military-industrial complex is the tendency to become powerful economic enclaves unaccountable to either auditors or national assemblies (Richards and Waterbury 345). The Israeli, Turkish and Saudi-Arabia form 60% of all military expenditure in the region. Is there military weight to the GDP of the region? Certainly! 1. Military-industrial sector heavily relies on advanced technology 2. Research into the direct use and manufacture advances telecommunication, telemetry and remote sensing technology 3. Growth in the triad sectors (military, industry and research and development) is a key source of foreign exchange 4. The military-industrial sector competes against other private sectors for human and financial resources thereby increasing the aggregate efficiency of the economy People within the region seem to welcome the disproportionate public investment into defense either due to national pride or perhaps in cognizance of the inherent need to survive in an increasingly complex global geo-political atmosphere. Real expansion in defense came shortly after 1975 with Saudi-Arabia and several other Gulf members resolving to finance the Arab Military Industrialization Organization (AMIO) in producing advanced weapons for Arab states (Richards and Waterbury 345). Soon after, Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990. This prompted a UN force led by the United States under the now famous operation â€Å"desert storm† to successfully come to the aid of Kuwait. The unmistakable presence of the United States in the Arabian affairs would once again be witnessed in 2003 when the combined force of US and Britain invaded Iraq overthrowing the Ba’athist regime under Sadam Hussein. They additionally

Information Security Policy Document (ISPD) Assignment

Information Security Policy Document (ISPD) - Assignment Example Organizations are dependent on these digital communication channels for transferring and exchanging classified information such as confidential information, mission critical information and information that is published for the people. As information is a blood life of any organization, it is vital to protect information by implementing physical, logical and environmental controls. In the context of protecting information security, three fundamental factors must be considered to make use of digitized information in an effective manner i.e. Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability. As there is a requirement of protecting this digital information internally and externally, policy is a control that provides necessary steps, procedures and processes to protect information. These are also considered as high level statements derived from the board of the organization. â€Å"Information security policy is therefore considered an essential tool for information security management† (Ilvonen 2009). However, information security policy is customized by company to company and department to department. Different factor that may influence to tailor the policy includes organization size, dependence on information systems, regulatory compliance and information classification scheme. For addressing all issues related to information security via a single policy is not possible, however, to cover all aspects related to information security, a set of information security policy document focusing on different group of employees within the organization is more suitable. This paper will discuss different factors that must be taken in to account when constructing and maintaining an information security policy. However, there are many methods available for constructing an information security policy, the initial step before adopting any one of the methods is to identify the current maturity level of the policy construction process within the organization. The outputs will be either no information security policy development process in place or there is an extensive policy development process exists. As University of Wales has inaugurated a new bespoke digital forensic and information security laboratory, we will use a phased approach that will use a basic policy framework that will address key policies followed with the development of more policies. Likewise, the phased approach will also revise the existing policies that are already in place. In the current scenario there is no policy in place, as the laboratory is new. One key element for a policy development process is the process maturity level. For instance, a newly derived comprehensive and complex security policy cannot be successful because organizations need time for compliance. Common pitfalls for compliance are different organization cultures, lack of management buy-in, insufficient resources and many other factors. For a newly inaugurated forensic laboratory, the initial

The Basic Characteristics of an Effective Management Essay Example for Free

The Basic Characteristics of an Effective Management Essay I.Management-oriented: The basic objective of MIS is to provide information support tothe management in the organization for decision making. So an effective MIS should startits journey from appraisal of management needs, mission and goal of the businessorganization. It may be individual or collective goals of an organization. The MIS is suchthat it serves all the levels of management in an organization i.e. top, middle and lower level. II.Management directed: When MIS is management-oriented, it should be directed by themanagement because it is the management who tells their needs and requirements moreeffectively than anybody else. Manager should guide the MIS professionals not only at the stage of planning but also ondevelopment, review and implementation stages so that effective system should be theend product of the whole exercise in making an effective MIS. III.Integrated: It means a comprehensive or complete view of all the sub systems in theorganization of a company. Development of information must be integrated so that all theoperational and functional information sub systems should be worked together as a singleentity. This integration is necessary because it leads to retrieval of more meaningful anduseful information. IV.Common data flows: The integration of different sub systems will lead to a commondata flow which will further help in avoiding duplicacy and redundancy in datacollection, storage and processing. For example, the customer orders are the basis for many activities in an organization viz. billing, sales for cashing, etc. Data is collected bya system analyst from its original source only one time. Then he utilizes the data withminimum number of processing procedures and uses the information for productionoutput documents and reports in small numbers and eliminates the undesirable data. Thiswill lead to elimination of duplication that simplify the operations and produce anefficient information system. V.Heavy planning-element: The preparation of MIS is not a one or two day exercise. Itusually takes 3 to 5 years and sometimes a much longer period. So the system expert hasto keep 2 things in mind – one is that he has to keep future objectives as well as the firm’sinformation well in advance and also he has to keep in mind that his MIS will not beobsolete before it gets into action. VI.Sub System concept: When a problem is seen in 2 sub parts, then the better solution tothe problem is possible. Although MIS is viewed as a single entity but for its effectiveuse, it should be broken down in small parts or subsystems so that more attention andinsight is paid to each sub system. Priorities will be set and phase of implementation will be made easy. While making or breaking down the whole MIS into subsystems, it should be kept in mind that the subsystems should be easily manageable. VII.Common database: This is the basic feature of MIS to achieve the objective of usingMIS in business organizations. It avoids duplication of files and storage which leads toreduction in costs. Common database means a â€Å"Super file or Master file† whichconsolidates and integrates data records formerly stored in many separate data files. Theorganization of the database allows it to be accessed by each subsystem and thus,eliminates the necessity of duplication in data storage, updating, deletion and protection. VIII.Computerized: MIS can be used without a computer. But the use of computersincreases the effectiveness and the efficiency of the system. The queries can be handledmore quickly and efficiently with the computerized MIS. The other benefits are accuracy,storage capacity and timely information. IX.User friendly/Flexibility: An MIS should be flexible i.e. there should be room for further modification because the MIS takes much time in preparation and our environment is dynamic in nature.MIS should be such that it should be usedindependently by the end user so that they do not depend on the experts. X.Information as a resource: Information is the major ingredient of any MIS. So, an MISshould be treated as a resource and managed properly

Buying A Personal Computer :: essays research papers

In our report we hope to provide a helpful and detailed guide to buying a personal computer. Our aim is to be able to meet our student’s needs without exceeding our budget. We will cover input, output and storage devices and provide a realistic and practical advice for the buyer. We have chosen to find two PC’s within our budget one of the PC’s is a bottom of the range inexpensive PC from PC World which may seem like you are getting a deal. However, when we have concluded our report you will see why it isn’t quite the bargain it appears to be. The processor is a vital component it is in some way responsible for every single thing the PC does. The processor is also a major determinant of overall system cost: the newer and more powerful the processor, the more expensive the machine will be. The processors in both PCs are not Pentium however they are clones of the Pentium. As shown in the chart above (below) you can see that the PC from Computer Warehouse is faster as it is an AMD K6/2 500mhz processor compare to the Cyrix 400mhz in the other, the former is also a more recent design. The AMD K6/2 also offers Pentium Pro class performance. For a students basic computing needs it is not necessary to have the fastest most up to date processor. Since we have to stay within a budget it is necessary to maintain value for money, the AMD K6/2 offers us this. It is true in regards to hard drives you can never have too much storage. Buying lots of capacity is smart because data files tend to grow to fill the available space. More software fills up more space, on the grounds that with today's hard drives you can lose 100MB or so without noticing it. Again the Computer Warehouse PC is of much better value as it is 10.2gb compared to the 4.2gb of the other computer. The fact that the Computer Warehouse PC is also IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) also is a money saver.